Eger - Wikipedia. Eger (Hungarian pronunciation: . Eger is best known for its castle, thermal baths, historic buildings (including the northernmost Turkishminaret), dishes and red wines. Its population according to the census of 2. Hungary and the 2nd largest in Northern Hungary. The city is located on the Eger Stream, on the hills of the B. Though his efforts to escape communism brought D 35 pianino Magyarorsz. Top left:Eger Minorita church, Top right:City view from Castle of Eger, Bottom left:Egri Bazilika, Bottom right:Minaret Eger. One suggestion is that the place was named after the elder (. This explanation seems to be correct because the name of the town reflects its ancient natural environment, and also one of its most typical plants, the elder, large areas of which could be found everywhere on the marshy banks of the Stream although they have since disappeared. The German name of the town: Erlau=Erlen- au (elder grove) also speaks in favour of this supposition. And there is another theory which says that Eger's name comes from the Latin word: . This theory comes from more recent researchers. The basin of Eger and the hilly region around it have always been very suitable for human settlements, and there are many archaeological findings from the early ages of history, which support this fact. The other names of the city are in Latin as Agria, in Serbian and Croatian as Jegar / . The bastion with the three gates on it refers to the existence of the fortress. The rampant unicorn between the two bastions on the side of the shield came from the bishop's shield. The sword in the fore- feet of the unicorn symbolises the manorial power of life and death. The snake twisting on the sword stands for the defeat of treachery and hatred by faith. The star and the sun symbolise the alternation of days and nights. And finally, the eagle with a gospel in its clutches refers to apostle and evangelist. Saint John who is the patron saint of the Archdiocese of Eger. History. The first cathedral of Eger was built on Castle Hill, within the present site of Eger Castle. Eger grew around this cathedral, and remains an important religious centre in Hungary. This settlement took up an important place among the Hungarian towns even in the early Middle Ages. The natural fundamentals of the surroundings (meeting of plains and hills) made it possible to establish economic and cultural relations between the different parts of the country. During the 1. 1th and 1. Walloon settlers came from the areas beyond the Rhine. They settled with the kings' permission, bringing western culture to this region and acclimating the viticulture. The development of the city accelerated with their presence. Mongol invasion. Lambert, the bishop of Eger, received a permit from B. So the nearly destroyed town revived and reached the peak of its medieval development in the l. During this period the forests which spread to the limits of the town were cleared for the most part, and vines were planted in their place. More and more town- houses were built in the settlement. Roads were constructed among which the ones in the inner town were narrow and twisting but those leading to the northern mining towns were wider. The versions surrounding settlements such as Almagyar and Czigl. The gothic- styled Bishops Palace of Eger which can be seen at the present time was reconstructed by the order of bishop J. Building operations continued during the bishoprics of Orb. The beginning of the reconstruction (in late gothic style) of the cathedral fort can also be linked to their names. After the death of King Matthias, during the bishopric of Hyppolit the so- called Hyppolit Gate was built, this has recently been removed. The siege of Eger. During the dual kingship the town changed hands almost every year and the Turkish army came closer as well. This circumstance provided the reason for reinforcing the fortress. In the autumn of 1. Captain Istv. The first writer of note to draw on the story was the Hungarian renaissance poet and musician Sebesty. The reconstruction process of the fortress took place between 1. Italian artificer officers planned the renovations. The famous Hungarian poet, B. This was the beginning of the 9. Turkish rule in Eger. The minaret, which was built at the end of the 1. Among all the buildings of this type, the minaret of Eger is found in the northernmost point of the former Ottoman Empire. During the Turkish occupation Eger became the seat of a vilayet which is a Turkish domain including several sanjaks. Churches were converted into mosques, the castle rebuilt, and other structures erected, including public baths and minarets. The rule of the Turks in Central Hungary began to collapse after a failed Ottoman attempt to capture Vienna. The Vienna- based Habsburgs, who controlled the rest of Hungary, apart from Transylvania, steadily expelled the Turks from the country. The castle of Eger was starved into surrender by the Christian army led by Charles of Lorraine in 1. Buda had been retaken in 1. Eger was relieved from Turkish rule in December, 1. Although the reoccupation was effected by a siege (which starved out the defenders) and not by a bombardment, the town fell into a very poor state. Leopold I re- established Eger as a free royal borough in 1. This state lasted until 1. Gy. The city was reclaimed by its bishops, which caused many local Protestants to leave. Although the city supported the Hungarian leader Prince Francis II R. In 1. 70. 9, Francis II R. It must be added that the legate died in Eger and was buried near the Serbian Church of Eger. Soon after that, the city was ravaged by plague. However, immigration into Eger was strong, and the population rose from 6. Muslims were assimilated into the Christian population. In the history of Eger, the 1. Many new buildings were built in Baroque and later in Rococo and Neoclassical style, including the cathedral, the Archiepiscopal Palace of Eger, the County Hall of Eger, the Eger Lyceum (now housing the Eszterh. The town population grew suddenly. While in 1. 68. 8 it was only 1. At this time, Eger was the 6th largest town of Hungary (based on the number of its inhabitants). Viticulture also reached its brightest period in these days. The wine- growing area was twelve times larger than it had been earlier. The 1. 8th century was also important because bishop Bark. There were already precedents for this type of education because in 1. Bishop Istv. Then in 1. Canon Gy. In 1. 76. Hungary was opened by the direction of Ferenc Markhot, but it was closed in 1. Unfortunately the university of Eger could not begin its work because of appoint .. In the building which was marked out for the university we can find the Archdiocese's Library (the most beautiful baroque library in Hungary), and an astronomical museum with original equipment, which was the second museum of this type in Europe. Between 1. 94. 6 and 1. Eger all of which also ended in failure. The 1. 9th century began with disasters: a fire that destroyed half the town in 1. Castle in 1. 80. 1, which ruined several houses. Eger became the seat of an archbishopric in 1. In 1. 82. 7, much of the city centre was damaged by fire again, and four years later over 2. In 1. 80. 4, a significant change occurred in the organisation of Eger's bishopric. The monarch made this town a centre of archbisphoric, but the bishoprics of Szatm. It was Pyrker's present which served as a base for the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts that was opened in 1. In 1. 82. 8 Pyrker established the first Hungarian teachers training college in Eger and he was the one who ordered the construction of the basilica which was built in neo- classical style, in accordance with the plans of J. On the basis of its size, this basilica is the second among the churches of Hungary. Even though the revolution was suppressed, the age of landowners and serfs had gone forever, and the municipality gained freedom from the rule of the archbishop in 1. Age of the monarchy. Unfortunately (unlike other towns) Eger's civil development did not become faster, as distinguished from other towns, after 1. Compromise of 1. 86. Industrial development was represented only by the mill, the tobacco factory and the sheet- iron works that were founded in the Reform Age. During the decades after the turn of the century, the character of a school- town was dominant in Eger. Because of its schools and other cultural institutions, it became known as the Hungarian Athens. At the beginning of the century, in 1. The Jewish community is murdered by Hungarians and Germans during the Holocaust. As a consequence, Eger's former character of a cultural centre began to fade, which diminished the patina of the settlement. It was a great good fortune that in 1. So it was saved from the deterioration (and from the construction of unsuitable, modern buildings). Eger is famous for its wines, most notably the . It is also well known for . Today, Eger is a prosperous city and popular tourist destination with a charming Baroque town centre. Ecclesiastical history. The current archbishop- elect, Archbishop Csaba Ternyak, was previously Secretary for the Congregation For Clergy. He succeeds Archbishop Istv. The constituent dioceses of the province were Ko. It produces both red and white wines of high quality. The famous and traditional varieties of the region are Egri Le. More recently, Chardonnay and Pinot noir wines have appeared. The region's wines are said to bear a resemblance to those of Burgundy. Although the quality of the wines deteriorated in the second half of the 2. Eger is slowly recovering its reputation as a wine region. The most important terroir of the Eger Wine Region is the Nagy- Eged Hill, which is a Grand Cru terroir, where premium Grand Superior wines are produced. Ukrainians and Russians frequent the Eger Castle, along with many Italians. Around the town, you may run into many German- speaking travelers (Germans, Austrians, and Swiss) as well. However, the city is getting more popular for Turkish tourists, because of the common historical memories. Eger is mainly known for its castle, thermal baths, historic buildings (including the northernmost Turkish minaret) and, above all else, its famous Hungarianred wines.
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